Which of the following lists the three components of defensive driving?

• A. Awareness, Space management, Collision avoidance
• B. Awareness, Speed management, Hazard recognition
• C. Patience, Courtesy, Focus
• D. Visual scanning, Reaction time, Advisory braking

Answer: (A)

Defensive driving rests on three core actions: awareness, space management, and collision avoidance. Awareness means consistently looking around, assessing what other drivers and conditions might do—recognizing potential hazards before they become emergencies. Space management is about keeping enough room around your vehicle to safely react, including maintaining a safe following distance and choosing lanes or positions that give you escape routes. Collision avoidance is the planning and execution of moves to prevent a crash when a hazard is encountered—slowing, steering, or stopping in a controlled way to avoid impact.

This option lists exactly those three components, making it the best fit. The other choices mix in related ideas—like hazard recognition or speed management—or emphasize attitudes or specific actions that don’t form the three-part framework of awareness, space management, and collision avoidance.